| 1. BOOKS |
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a) Print
b) Online (DOI) – if a DOI is available, always use the DOI.
c) Online (URL) – When a DOI is not available, use the URL of the book publisher.
d) E-book on an eReader i.e. Kindle, Nook, Sony Reader. In the reference list, include the type of e-book version you read. In place of publisher information, use either the DOI (preference) or URL.
e) Musical score
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| In-text |
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(Author Surname, Year)
Examples:
a) Abbott (2008) states …
b) A multidisciplinary approach … (Radanovic & Mansur, 2011).
c) Standard models in ecomonics … (Baddeley, 2012).
d) Durant and Durant (2012) discuss …
e) In Lloyd Webber’s (ca. 1970) musical …
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| Reference |
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a) Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Title (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.
b) Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. doi:DOI Number
c) Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. Retrieved from URL
d) Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Title [Version]. doi:DOI Number / Retrieved from URL
e) Composer Surname, Initial. (Year). Title. Place of Publication: Publisher.
Examples:
a) Abbott, H. P. (2008). The Cambridge introduction to narrative (2nd ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
b) Radanovic, M., & Mansur, L. L. (2011). Language disturbances in adulthood: New advances from the neurolinguistics perspective. doi:10.2174/97816080510831110101
c) Baddeley, M. (2012). Behavioural economics and finance. Retrieved from https://www.routledge.com
d) Durant, W., & Durant, A. (2012). The lessons of history [Kindle version]. Retrieved from https://www.amazon.com/
e) Lloyd Webber, A. [ca. 1970]. Jesus Christ superstar. London: Leeds Music.
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| 2. CHAPTER IN EDITED BOOKS, INCLUDING DICTIONARIES AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS |
- Use a DOI (where available).
- When a DOI is not available, use the URL of the book publisher.
a) Print
b) Online – individual chapters may have their own DOI.
c) Article from encyclopedia
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| In-text |
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(Chapter Author Surname, Year)
Examples:
a) Morgan (1999) describes …
b) Jacobs and Hall (2002) consider the task …
c) The field of adult education … (Rubenson, 2010).
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| Reference |
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Chapter Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Title of chapter or entry. In Author/Editor Initial. Surname (Role abbrev.), Title of book (pp. Page Range of Chapter). Place of Publication: Publisher.
OR
Subject / Term. (Year). Source Title. Retrieved from URL
Examples:
a) Morgan, H. (1999). Nine years war. In W. J. McCormack (Ed.), The Blackwell companion to modern Irish culture (pp. 428-430). Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishers.
b) Jacobs, G. M., & Hall, S. (2002). Implementing cooperative learning. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 52-58). doi:10.1017/CBO9780511667190.009
c) Rubenson, K. (2010). Adult education overview. In P. Peterson, E. Baker, & B. McGaw (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Education (3rd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1-11). Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/en-au
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| 3. JOURNAL ARTICLES, NEWSPAPER ARTICLES, MAGAZINE ARTICLES |
- The issue number is included if the publication is paginated by issue rather than if there is continuous pagination throughout the entire volume.
- If the publication does not use volume numbers, include the month with the year in the reference list. If the publication uses a season, include the season with the year in the reference list (e.g. 2018, Spring).
- For daily or weekly publications, include the day in the reference.
a) Print journal
b) Online journal – if no DOI is assigned, give the URL of the journal home page.
c) Print newspaper – precede the page numbers with p. or pp.
d) Online newspaper
e) Magazine
f) Reviews and peer commentary – identify the type of medium being reviewed in square brackets. If the details of the item being reviewed are clear from the title of the review, no additional explanatory information is needed. If the review is untitled, use the bracketed information as the title.
g) Abstract
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| In-text |
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(Author Surname, Year).
Examples:
a) Coltheart and Prior (2006) discussed …
b) MacLean (2014) states that …
c) Murray (2001) stated …
d) … was recently discovered … (Conor, 2018).
e) The frogs are … (Beemster, 2008).
f) Boyd (2010) reviewed Carey’s …
g) Pedder and Opfer (2010) state that …
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| Reference |
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Author Surname, Initial. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, Volume Number(Issue Number), Page Range.
Examples:
a) Coltheart, M., & Prior, M. (2006). Learning to read in Australia. Australian Journal of Learning Disabilities, 11, 157-164.
b) MacLean, M. (2014). Truth and reality in screening sports’ pasts: Sports films, public history and truthfulness. Journal of Sport History, 41(1), 47-54. Retrieved from http://www.journalofsporthistory.org/
c) Murray, E. (2001, May 9). Refugee crisis! [Letter to the editor]. Weekend Australian, p. A13.
d) Conor, L. (2018, November 6). Found: the earliest European image of Aboriginal Australians. The Conversation. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/found-the-earliest-european-image-of-aboriginal-australians-106176
e) Beemster, M. (2008, December). Saving the Southern Bell Frog. Australian Landcare, 27-29.
f) Boyd, W. (2010, July 18). Man as an island [Review of the book William Golding, by J. Carey]. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/
g) Pedder, D., & Opfer, V. D. (2010). Planning and organization of teachers’ continuous professional development in schools in England [Abstract]. Curriculum Journal, 21, 433-452. doi:10.1080/09585176.2010.529652
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